관계에는 항상 두 엔티티가 존재 합니다.

@Entity
public class Study {

	@Id @GeneratedValue
	private Long id;

	private String name;

	@ManyToOne
	private Account owner;
}
@Override
public void run(ApplicationArguments args) throws Exception {
	Account account = new Account();
	account.setUsername("cmlee2");
	account.setPassword("pass2");

	Study study = new Study();
	study.setName("spring jpa");
	study.setOwner(account);

	Session session = entityManager.unwrap(Session.class);
	session.save(account);
	session.save(study);
}

반대로 설정 해보자

@Entity
public class Account {

	@Id @GeneratedValue
	private Long id;

	@Column(nullable = false, unique = true)
	private String username;

	private String password;

	@OneToMany
	private Set<Study> studies = new HashSet<>();
}
@Override
public void run(ApplicationArguments args) throws Exception {
	Account account = new Account();
	account.setUsername("cmlee2");
	account.setPassword("pass2");

	Study study = new Study();
	study.setName("spring jpa");

	account.getStudies().add(study);

	Session session = entityManager.unwrap(Session.class);
	session.save(account);
	session.save(study);

//		entityManager.persist(account);
}

단 방향에서의 관계의 주인은 명확합니다.